VSC配置C/C++开发环境正确配置（适用于类Unix/Windows平台）

写在前面

鉴于网上教程可用性不高,为此写下教程.

此教程适合于广大~~Mac~~(全平台)用户,~~Windows用户可选宇宙无敌的VS.~~(划掉)

(更新) Windows试用llvm和gdb实现调试.

必要的组件

1
2
3

Xcode command tools
vsc
Cpptools

安装Xcode command tools

终端键入

1	xcode-select --install

安装cpptools

配置VSC

c_cpp_properties.json

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Mac",
            "includePath": [
                "${workspaceFolder}/**"
            ],
            "defines": [],
            "macFrameworkPath": [
                "/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks"
            ],
            "compilerPath": "/usr/bin/clang",
            "cStandard": "c11",
            "cppStandard": "c++17",
            "intelliSenseMode": "clang-x64"
        }
    ],
    "version": 4
}

launch.json

{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "(gdb) Launch",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${workspaceRoot}/Debug/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.out",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "preLaunchTask": "build",
            "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": true,
            "MIMode": "lldb",
           // "miDebuggerPath": "/etc/bin",
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}

tasks.json

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "label": "build",
            "command": "clang++",
            "type": "shell",
            "args": [
                "-g","-o","Debug/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.out","${file}",
                "-std=c++11",
                
            ],
            "presentation": {
                "echo": true,
                "reveal": "always",
                "focus": false,
                "panel": "shared"
            }
        }
    ],
}

配置完成临时文件将保存在Debug文件夹中

Windows下的配置

安装LLVM

LLVM Download Page，在网页中找到适用于Windows
64位的最新预编译版本，不需要下载sig签名文件。安装过程中注意选择为所有用户安装，这样会为你添加到环境变量。
这两步完成以后打开cmd，输入clang应该可以看到如下输出。

Snipaste_2019-01-26_22-01-06

安装MinGW-w64

MinGW-w64 - for 32 and 64 bit Windows，安装时注意选择体系架构为x86_64。由于网络原因，你可能不能把它下载下来，经过一点探索，安装程序需要下载一个叫做x86_64-7.1.0-release-posix-seh-rt_v5-rev2的文件，其实我们可以直接在SourceForge上搜到这个MinGW-w64 - for 32 and 64 bit Windows，到里面选择第一个下载。下载完成后解压里面的mingw64文件夹中的内容到你安装LLVM的同一个目录合并，合并里面所有文件夹，不会有冲突。

打开终端验证是否能够打开gdb.exe.

Snipaste_2019-01-26_22-00-40

配置vscode

launch.json

{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "(gdb) Launch in Windows",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${workspaceRoot}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "preLaunchTask": "BuildInWindows",
            "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": true,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "miDebuggerPath": "gdb.exe",
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": false
                }
            ]
        },
       ]
}

tasks.json

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
   
        {
            "label": "BuildInWindows",
            "command": "clang++",
            "type": "shell",
            "args": [
                "-g","-o","${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe","${file}",
                "-std=c++11",
                
            ],
            "presentation": {
                "echo": true,
                "reveal": "always",
                "focus": false,
                "panel": "shared"
            }
        }
    ],
}

Snipaste_2019-01-26_21-59-33

最后成功调试!

Snipaste_2019-01-26_22-00-25

引用

在VS Code中使用Clang作为你的C++编译器